Senin, 10 Juni 2019

My Boring Holiday At Home

When holiday was coming, I didn’t have any plan for it. So, I just stayed at home to spend my two weeks of college break. I didn’t feel excited at all because it was so boring.

I started the day by waking up at about 6 o’clock. It was later than my usual habit. Then I took a bath to freshen my body. After that, I played my favorite enemy strike games on my computer until it almost midday. Then I had lunch to recover my energy for helping my parents to clean the house. I also didn’t forget the homework that my lecture gave me. I did it at 07.30 pm. After I finished my homework, I dined because I was so hungry. Then I watched my favorite shows on YouTube all night long. I kept awake till late night during my holiday and went to bed at 12 pm.

That was all about my boring holiday. Although it was just an ordinary holiday, at least I could refresh my mind from the daily college activities.

Rabu, 05 Juni 2019

Noun Phrase


An object phrase is a phrase where the main word is a noun with other words that describe the noun.
Formation of Noun Phrase
The phrases of objects can be formed by arrangement of words like the following:

1. Article + Noun
a) Indifinite Article + Noun
In the previous material I explained about indifinite articles and Noun Phrase can be formed by the existence of the article a and an before the noun.
Example:
a girl an apple a university

The series of words a girl is a noun phrase, a explains the noun girl; girl is the main word (headword) in the phrase, a is the word that describes the word girl.

b) Difinite Article + Noun
the definition of the Definite article is the article.
Example:
the house the book the boys the pens

The string of words above him is the phrase object. The describes house nouns, book, boys, and pens. House words, book, boys, pens are the main words and "the" explains the main words.

2. Demonstrative Adjective + Noun
It has also been explained that some demonstrative adjective words include the words of this, these, that, and those.
Example:
This song is that those who say that strangers are tragedies this liquid

3. Possessesive Adjective + Noun and Possessive noun + noun
What is meant by possessive adjective are words that express the owner of something, for example my, your, his, her, its, our, their, jean's, Mr.Jones', etc.
Example:
Her computers your ideas Toni's pen

4. Numerals (number words)
Numerals are defined as one, two, three, ten, etc.
Example:
two women (= two women) Four members (= four members) Three books (= three books)

5. Quantifier + noun
Is a word that states the number of objects, for example some, any, much, many, a lot of, few, a little, etc.
Example:
some brothers much money many pencils

6. Adjective + Noun
Adejective (= Adjective) is a word that describes an object in other words explaining the nature of the object. Adjective example; big (big), tall (tall), old (old), far (far), angry (angry), sad (sad), etc.

big houses tall men clever students

the word "big" is an adjective that clarifies the noun "houses"
other ways of forming a noun phrase include:

Article + adjective + noun (example: a tall man, the angry birg, etc.)
In the example of "a tall man", the word "a" is the article, the word "tall" is adjective, all these words describe "man".

Article + Adverb + adjective + noun (example; a really nice vacation)
In the "a really nice vacation" noun phrase, the word "a" is an article, "really" is an adverb, "nice" is adjective, all these words describe the noun "vacation"
Quantifier + adjective + noun
Example:
some pretty girls a few new pens

the word "some" is a quantifier, "pretty" is an adjective, all the words describe the noun "girls"

Minggu, 02 Juni 2019

Using Can i, May i, Could i

Can I..?

"Can I...?" is the most casual way to ask for permission. It's common for talking to friends, coworkers, and family members:
Ø Can I see it?
Ø Can I get something to drink?

May I...?

"May I...?" is the most formal way to ask for permission in English. Formal language is useful for talking to strangers and when there's a large power gap between you and the person you're talking to.
You can ask a stranger for a small favor like this:
Ø  May I borrow your pen for a second? 

    Some teachers in elementary, junior high, and high school require their students to ask for permission using     "May I...?"
Student: Can I go to the bathroom?
Teacher: "May I...?"
Student: May I go to the bathroom?
Teacher: Yes, you may.

Could I...?

"Could I...?" is a good way to ask for permission when you need to ask for something that's a "bigger" request. In other words, you don't feel as comfortable asking for it. For example, you might ask your sister:
      Ø  Could I borrow your other car when I'm in town?
"Could I...?" is not as formal as "May I...?" but it's better for big requests.


To, Too, Two

What’s the difference between to, too, and two? It’s not too difficult to use them, once you take the time to learn what they mean – and do some practicing, too


To
To has two functions. First, as a preposition, in which case it always precedes a noun.
Ø  I’m going to the store
Ø  He went to Italy
Ø  This belongs to David

Secondly, to indicates an infinitive when it precedes a verb.
Ø  I need to study
Ø  We want to help
Ø  He’s going to eat
 
Too
Too also has two uses. First, as a synonym for "also":
Ø  Can I go too?
Ø  He went to France too
Ø  I think that’s Paul’s book too

Secondly, too means excessively when it precedes an adjective or adverb.
Ø  I’m too tired
Ø  He’s walking too quickly
Ø  I ate too much
 
Two
Two is a number.
Ø  One, two, three…
Ø  I have two cars
Ø  She ate two pieces of pie

Kamis, 30 Mei 2019

Plural and Singular nouns


1. Singular Noun

Ketika benda itu hanya satu, maka benda itu singular atau tunggal. misalnya; a boy. a girl, a book, the pen. Jika kata benda tersebut singular, maka di dalam kalimat harus memakai article "a, an, atau the" atau di masukan kata "one".
misalnya: a book, an apple, one book, one pencil, the table.

2. Plural Noun

Jika benda tersebut lebih dari satu maka benda tersebut dikatakan Plural atau jamak. misalnya; boys, 2 books, the pens.
Di dalam bahasa Inggris, jika ingin merubah benda dari Singular ke Plural ada beberapa aturan;

a. Dengan menambah "s"
Misalnya: 

"book" menjadi "books"
"pen"   menjadi "pens"
"boy"   menjadi "boys"

b. Dengan menambah "es"
Jika kata benda tersebut diakhiri dengan hufur "s, z, X, sh, dan ch" maka bentuk jamaknya ditambah   dengan "es".
Contoh:

dish             dishes
watch          watches
buzz            buzzes
box             boxes

3. Kata benda yang huruf terakhirnya "y" dan didahului oleh konsonan maka cara membentuknya menjadi jamak adalah dengan merubah "y" menjadi "ies".
contoh:

lady           ladies
city            cities
army          armies

catatan:
jika kata benda yang berakhiran "y" dan didahului oleh huruf vokal maka tinggal menambahkan "s" saja, dan jangan merubah "y" menjadi "ies".
Contoh:

boy            boys
day            days

4. Kata benda yang huruf terakhirnya "f" atau "fe", maka dirubah menaji "ves".
contoh:

leaf            leaves
wife           wives
knife          knives
wolf          wolves

catatan: tetapi ada beberapa kata benda yang berakhiran "f'  dan kita bisa dengan hanya menambahkan "s" saja. misalnya;

chief             chiefs
grief             griefs
hoof             hoofs
roof             roofs
mischief       mischiefs
kerchief       kerchiefs

5. Irregular Plurals
Irregular plurals berarti kata benda yang singgular dan dalam bentuk pluralnya tidak ditambah "s" atau "es". misalnya;

man             men
woman        women
foot             feet
mouse         mice
child           children
louse           lice
goose         geese
ox              oxen
tooth          teeth

catatan:
ada beberapa kata benda yang tidak ada bentuk jamaknya. kata-kata benda tersebut adalah;
scissors, oats, tongs, dregs, trousers, pinchers, bellows, shears, mumps, victuals, tweezers, measles.

Senin, 27 Mei 2019

Have and Has


Have dan Has, sebagai kata kerja mempunyai arti yang sama, yaitu "mempunyai". Ini penjelasan singkat pemakaian "have" dan "has"

1. HAVE

I have.....       (Saya punya......)
you have....    (Kamu punya....)
We have....
They have.....
Toni and Tono have....
The boys have....
The cats have...

contoh kalimat:
I have a book.
You have 3 apples.
They have a big house.
Toni and Tono have new pens.
The boys have some books.
The cats have a big house

untuk membuat kalimat negatif yang menyatakan "tidak mepunyai" kita memerlukan "do not".

I do not have a book.
You do not have 3 apples.
They do not have a big house.
Toni and Tono do not have new pens.
The boys do not have some books.
The cats do not have a big house.

Kalimat tanya
Do you have a book? Yes, I do/ No, I don't
Do they have a big house? Yes, They do/ No, they don't
Do Toni and Tono have new pens? Yes, They do/ No, they don't.
Do the boys have some books? Yes, they do/ No, they don't.
Do the cats have a big house? Yes, they do/ No, They don't.
What do you have?
What food do they have for dinner?
What book do Toni and Tono have?

2. HAS

She has...
He has...
It has...
Shinta has...
Robi has...
The cat has...

"has" hanya digunakan untuk subject-subject seperti di atas, jadi kita tidak boleh mengatakan;

I has...
You has...
They has...
We has...
Toni and Tono has...
Contoh pemakaian "Has" dalam kalimat positif.

She has a book.
He has 2 cars.
It has a fish.
Toni has a new computer.
Tina has  beautiful hair.
The cat has a fish.

untuk merubah kalimat diatas menjadi negatif, kita memerluka "does not/ doesn't" kemudian "has" harus dirubah menjadi "have". Dengan kata lain "has" hanya dipakai dalam kalimat positif saja, dan akan berubah menjadi "have" jika dalam kalimat negatif dan kalimat introgatif.

She has a book.
She doesn't have a book.
He has 2 cars
He doesn't have 2 cars.
Toni has a new computer.
Toni doesn't have a new computer.
Does she have a book? Yes, she does/ No, she, doesn't
Does Toni have a new computer? Yes, he does / No, He doesn't
Does the cat have a fish? Yes, it does/ No, it doesn't
What does she have? She has a book.
What food does the cat have? It has a fish.
What fruits does Tina have? She has some apples.

Minggu, 26 Mei 2019

ADJECTIVE ORDER

    The use of adjectives is essential when trying to describe a noun or pronoun.  Good writers and speakers are able to use adjectives to create clear, mental images for the reader or listener.  As you continue to work on your English, don’t be afraid to use multiple adjectives to describe something. Using more than three physically descriptive type adjectives in sequence to describe one noun or pronoun would sound a little awkward.   When using multiple adjectives in a sequence, you must be aware of the correct adjective order.  The proper order of adjectives is listed below along with some examples for each category.

  1. Determiners – a, an, the, my, your, several, etc.
  2. Opinion – lovely, boring, stimulating, etc.
  3. Size – tiny, small, huge, etc.
  4. Shape – round, square, rectangular, etc.
  5. Age – old, new, ancient, etc.
  6. Color – red, blue, green, etc.
  7. Origin – British, American, Mexican, etc.
  8. Material – gold, copper, silk, etc.
  9. Purpose-dinning, meeting, running, swimmimg
Here are some example
  1. she has beautiful big eyes : Opinion-Size
  2. The large square dining table was decorated with white candles and beautiful vases of white roses. : Size-Shape-Purpose
  3. My uncle had his old wooden chairs repaired yesterday. : Age-Material
  4. These delicious Italian dishes don’t use tomatoes in any form. : Opinion-Origin
  5. She takes small round white pill with breakfast every day. : Determiner-Size-Shape-Color